Validating the Instrument of Parents' Knowledge and Attitudes towards Giving Antibiotics for Children in two Hospitals at South Sulawesi

Abstract

To translate, adapt and validate the instrument of Parents' Knowledge and Attitudes towards giving Antibiotics for Children. Participants were recruited from two hospitals in South Sulawesi, one private and one government hospital. The study started with the translation of the instrument from English to Indonesian (forward and backward translation). Next, the translation result was tested on 40 participants. The final stage was validation involving 300 participants. The analysis used known group validity, construct validity, product-moment correlation, and factor analysis. Internal consistency between items used Cronbach Alpha. A total of 300 participants (200 in private hospitals and 100 in government hospitals). From the participants, 113 participants were outpatients and 187 were inpatients. In the adaptation stage, some vocabulary changes were made to sentences that were not understood by participants in instrument items using words easily understood by the participants. For example, in the knowledge domain, the word "pathogen" was changed to ‘disease-causing bacteria’. In the validation stage, the significance value was 5%, and the r-table value was 0.113. Based on the validity test on 14 items in the knowledge domain, the r-count value was 0.256-0.589, while on 12 items in the attitude domain, the r-count value was 0.375-0.662. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) value was 0.793. From 14 question items in the knowledge domain, 3 factors were formed. Cronbach alpha value of each domain was >0.6, knowledge (0.759) and attitude (0.744). Instrument reliability for outpatient and inpatient care was 0.768 and 0.752 for knowledge, 0.740 and 0.744 for attitude, respectively. The results of this study indicate that the instrument of Parents' Knowledge and Attitudes towards giving Antibiotics to Children is reliable and valid. This instrument can be used for both outpatients and inpatients.

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