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Thyroid-stimulating hormone and free thyroid hormone level in cholelithiasis in a single institution
Putra T.T.
Gazzetta Medica Italiana Archivio Per Le Scienze Mediche
Q4Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cholelithiasis is a common gallbladder disorder that causes nearly ten percent of all gastrointestinal diseases. This condition has been linked to ageing, obesity, and endocrinopathies such as thyroid dysfunction. Thyroid dysregulation increases the risk of cholelithiasis through impaired cholesterol metabolism and bile secretion. This study aimed to determine the relationship between thyroid function level and gallstones.METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional analysis was conducted from July 2022 to June 2023. The information was gathered from eligible medical records with the following inclusion criteria: patients who were definitively diagnosed with cholelithiasis or subjected to a thyroid function test (involving thyroid stimulating hormone and free thyroid hormone levels) and an abdominal ultrasound for gallstone screening. Samples included were established through consecutive sampling methods.RESULTS: A total of 102 participants were included in this study, 52 of whom were positive for gallstones on an ultrasound examination and the majority were female (63.7%). Approximately half of the patients with positive ultrasounds for gallstones had normal levels for both thyroid hormones (51.92% for thyroid stimulating hormone and 63.46% for free thyroid hormone), whereas 28.84% showed subclinical hypothyroidism, 17.3% presented with subclinical hyperthyroidism, and clinical hypothyroidism was found in 1.92% (one patient).CONCLUSIONS: Most of the cholelithiasis patients had normal thyroid function as marked by the TSH and fT4 results, with a female predominance. Among the patients with gallstones (either symptomatic or asymptomatic), subclinical hypothyroidism was the most common disorder recorded, followed by subclinical hyperthyroidism.