The role of sengon ( Falcataria moluccana) in post-mining phytoremediation: plant-microbe synergy in heavy metal detoxification

Abstract

Abstract Mining activities often result from contaminated soils such as cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg) posing severe environmental and health risks. Sengon (Falcataria moluccana) is a fast-growing tree species native to Southeast Asia that has been recognized for its potential in restoring degraded post-mining lands. This study aims to comprehensively assess the ability of Sengon plants to absorb and stabilize heavy metals from contaminated soils and to assess the synergistic role of soil microorganisms in enhancing phytoremediation efficiency. This study used a literature review method supported by data from case studies involving Sengon on heavy metals-contaminated soils and to examine the synergistic role of soil microorganisms in enhancing phytoremediation efficiency. The results demonstrated that Sengon exhibits high metal uptake, with reported reductions in soil heavy metal levels, including up to 72.5% nickel removal through phytoextraction, primarily accumulated in roots and stems. For instance, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization rates of approximately around 61%, improving nutrient uptake and metal tolerance while phosphate-solubilizing bacteria increase root biomass and metal binding in the rhizosphere. These findings suggest that Sengon can serve as an effective agent for phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated post-mining land. To maximize its potential, its application should be integrated with microbial inoculation strategies and sustainable land rehabilitation practices, contributing to environmental restoration and the recovery of ecosystem functions in mining-affected areas.

Access to Document

Other files and links

• Link to publication in Scopus
• Open Access Version Available

Fingerprint