SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT OF PHYTOBIOTIC FEED ADDITIVES IN POULTRY FARMING: A CASE FROM SOUTH SULAWESI, INDONESIA

Abstract

South Sulawesi, Indonesia, has emerged as a testing ground for phytobiotic feed additives (PFAs) adopted in response to the 2018 national ban on in feed antibiotic growth promoters. Up to now system-wide sustainability evidence remains fragmentary. Using a modified Rapid Appraisal for Fisheries (RAPFISH) protocol termed RAPPhytoFeed, 60 stakeholders (farmers, extension agents, feed mill representatives, policy makers, and academics) across four high density poultry districts were participated in the present study. Multidimensional scaling ordination produced sustainability indices for five dimensions: ecology (77.7 ± 0.5), economy (62.3 ± 0.1), social (56.5 ± 0.5), technology (55.0 ± 0.3), and institution (49.6 ± 0.0). Monte Carlo stress values (<0.075) and R²>0.96 confirmed ordination stabilsystemity. Leverage analysis showed feed conversion ratio efficiency, wastewater quality, local raw material access, trained workforce, and policy support as the most influential attributes. While ecological and economic gains are recognised, low institutional readiness and uneven technical capacity constrain broader uptake. We conclude that Indonesia’s antibiotic free poultry transition will hinge on coordinated investment in laboratory services, farmer training, and market incentives for AGP free meat. The RAPPhytoFeed tool offers a rapid, stakeholder-centred lens that can be replicated in other emerging livestock hotspots to guide policy and private-sector decisions on phytobiotic scale-out.

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