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Structural and chemical bonding properties of blood shells-based hydroxyapatite: Effect of temperature sintering
Rauf N.
Aip Conference Proceedings
Abstract
Synthesis of hydroxyapatite shells of blood clams (Anadara granosa) has been carried out using the precipitation method. This research was conducted to determine the effect of variations in sintering temperature on the synthesis of hydroxyapatite blood clam shells, namely 700, 800, 900, and 1000℃ for 5 hours. Characterization was carried out using XRF, FTIR, XRD and testing the mass efficiency of hydroxyapatite. The XRF analysis showed that the blood clam shells was 99.92% CaCO3 before calcination and 99.49% CaO after calcination. The hydroxyapatite contains chemical compounds, namely CaO and P2O5, with a CaO/P2O5 ratio of 1.51 - 1.77. The functional groups of phosphate (PO43-), hydroxyl (OH-), and carbonate (CO32-) were observed in the FTIR of hydroxyapatite. These functional groups indicate that hydroxyapatite has been formed at each temperature variation. The XRD analysis showed that hydroxyapatite has a hexagonal crystal structure. This result is the same as the crystal structure of commercial hydroxyapatite. The purity of the hydroxyapatite produced is not optimum because there is still a secondary phase of HAp decomposition. At a temperature of 1000℃, the average value of the hydroxyapatite crystal size is 15.40 nm. Hydroxyapatite efficiency value decreased with increasing sintering temperature.