Risk factors affecting the degree of diabetic foot ulcers according to Wagner classification in diabetic foot patients

Abstract

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are the main cause of amputations in non-trauma patients. There are risk factors, such as age, diabetic duration, smoking, obesity, hypertension, poor ankle-brachial index (ABI), and high neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), for diabetes mellitus patients that can aggravate and are closely related to the occurrence of diabetic foot ulcers. Examining the correlation among these risk factors with the degree of the DFU according to Wagner's classification was the objective of the study. This study was a cross-sectional study examining 40 samples of DFU patients at our institution from 2016 to 2020. The results of this study were processed using Spearman's correlation test on SPSS software version 23. Results were considered significant if p-values <0.05. From 40 samples, it was found that duration of diabetes (p = 0.018), smoking (p = 0.008), ABI (p = 0.0001), and NLR (p = 0.028) had a significant correlation with degree of DFU according to Wagner's classification. Age (p = 0.364), obesity (p = 0.87) and hypertension (p = 0.73) is not significantly related. There is a significant correlations between diabetes duration, smoking, ABI, and NLR with the degree of diabetic foot ulcers according to Wagner's classification.

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