Profile of Secondary Metabolite Compounds in Soybean (Glycine max L.) Leaves under Different Shading Treatments

Abstract

This study aims to assess the impact of shading treatment variations on soybean leaf metabolites. The research was conducted as follows: (i) planting several soybean varieties under different shading intensities; (ii) extracting metabolic substances from soybean leaves through maceration; (iii) identifying the extracted substances using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC); and (iv) analyzing changes in primary metabolic substances. This study applied different shading treatments to various local soybean varieties: Anjasmoro, Mutiara 1, Denasa 1, Denasa 2, Dena 1, and Dena 2. The results indicate that among the different varieties and shading treatments, the highest isoflavone content was observed in Dena 2 with shading treatment on producing plants (1.820 g), followed by Anjasmoro with shading treatment on non-producing plants (1.788 g), and Dena 2 with no shading treatment (1.780 g). In addition, the statistical analysis revealed that shading treatments show significant differences only in extract mass content treated using fermentation on day 1 (p-value = 0.011) and day 3 (p-value = 0.039). These findings provide valuable insights for the scientific cultivation, management, and large-scale breeding of soybeans, specifically offering guidance on optimal shading levels for improved growth and metabolite production. Keywords: Photosynthetic efficiency, isoflavone accumulation, crop management, metabolic profiling, shading effects.

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