# Investigation of Encephalopathy Caused by Shiga Toxin 2c-Producing Escherichia coli Infection in Mice
> Amran M.Y.

URL kanonis: https://discover.unhas.ac.id/publications/pub_scopus_84874911217
Jurnal / Konferensi: Plos One
Tahun terbit: 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0058959
ISSN: 19326203
Kuartil SJR: Q1
Citations: 19

## Authors
- Amran M.Y.

## Abstract
A large outbreak of Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) O104:H4 occurred in northern Germany. From this outbreak, at least 900 patients developed hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), resulting in more than 50 deaths. Thirty percent of the HUS patients showed encephalopathy. We previously established a mouse model with encephalopathy associated with blood brain barrier (BBB) damage after oral infection with the Shiga toxin (Stx) 2c-producing Escherichia coli O157: H- strain E32511 (E32511). In this model, we detected high expression of the Stx receptor synthase enzyme, glycosphingolipid globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) synthase, in endothelial cells (ECs) and neurons in the reticular formation of the medulla oblongata by in situ hybridization. Caspase-3 was activated in neurons in the reticular formation of the medulla oblongata and the anterior horn of the spinal cord. Astrocytes (ASTs) were activated in the medulla oblongata and spinal cord, and a decrease in aquaporin 4 around the ECs suggested that BBB integrity was compromised directly by Stx2c or through the activation of ASTs. We also report the effectiveness of azithromycin (AZM) in our model. Moreover, AZM strongly inhibited the release of Stx2c from E32511 in vitro.

## Keywords
- Medulla oblongata
- Microbiology
- Shiga toxin
- Biology
- Escherichia coli
- Central nervous system
- Biochemistry
- Endocrinology
- Gene

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Sumber: Discover Unhas — RIMS Universitas Hasanuddin.
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