Analysis of NH3 Distribution and Community Perception of Odor in the Antang Landfill Area, Makassar City

Abstract

This study analyzes ammonia (NH3) concentrations, spatial distribution, and community perceptions of odor around the Antang Landfill (TPA Antang) in Makassar, Indonesia. NH3 measurements were conducted using the impinger method at five sampling points based on distance and the dominant wind direction, with spatial visualization performed using inverse distance weighting (IDW) interpolation in ArcGIS. Community perceptions were assessed through questionnaires administered to 100 respondents living within a radius of 20–1,000 m from the landfill. The results showed that the highest NH3 concentration occurred at Point 3 (landfill area), reaching 5.885 ppm at night, exceeding the national odor threshold of 2 ppm. The spatial distribution indicated dominant dispersion from southeast to northwest, consistent with the prevailing wind direction. Approximately 67% of respondents reported odor disturbances, and 63% reported health-related symptoms such as headaches, nausea, and shortness of breath. The findings highlight the urgent need for improved landfill management and odor control strategies.

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