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Effect of Betel leaf extract (Piper betle L.) on IL-6 levels in Postpartum rat Mammary Tissue induced by Staphylococcus aureus: A True Experimental Study
Jannata R.W.
Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology
Q3Abstract
Postpartum mastitis caused by Staphylococcus. aureus infection is a common inflammatory condition that can increase proinflammatory cytokine levels such as IL-6. Natural antibacterial and anti-inflammatory agents like betel leaf (Piper betle L.) extract are being explored as alternative treatments to reduce inflammation and promote recovery. This study seeks to examine the impact of betel leaf extract on IL-6 levels in postpartum rat mammary tissue affected by S. aureus infection. A true experimental study was conducted utilizing a pretest and post-test control group design involving 25 postpartum rats, which were induced with S. aureus at a dosage of 0.2 ml from 1x10^8 CFU/ml in the right abdominal mammary gland. The study comprised five groups: the negative control group (gel formulation devoid of betel leaf extract), the positive control group (antibiotic clindamycin phosphate gel USP 1%), the first treatment group (gel containing betel leaf extract at a 7.5% concentration), the second treatment group (gel containing betel leaf extract at a 15% concentration), and the third treatment group (gel containing betel leaf extract at a 30% concentration). All treatments were administered topically for a duration of 7 days. Assessment of IL-6 concentrations with the ELISA technique and analyzed on a microplate reader at a wavelength of 450 nm. Data analyzed employing One-Way ANOVA and Post Hoc tests in SPSS 25.0. The IL-6 levels in the negative control group (5.35±0.73c) were significantly higher than those in the positive control group (3.43±0.22a), the first treatment group (3.49±0.14a), the second treatment group (3.95±0.41ab), and the third treatment group (4.25±0.19b), with a p-value of 0.000. The IL-6 levels in the first and second treatment groups were not statistically different, with p-values of 0.829 and 0.060, respectively. Betel leaf extract reduces IL-6 levels in postpartum rat mammary tissue affected by S. aureus infection.