# Holistic well-being of older adults as a multidimensional system based on life experiences in the context of urban Indonesia
> Rahmah M.N.

URL kanonis: https://discover.unhas.ac.id/publications/pub_scopus_105050639500
Jurnal / Konferensi: BMC Geriatrics
Tahun terbit: 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-026-07864-2
ISSN: 14712318
Kuartil SJR: Q1
Citations: 0

## Authors
- Rahmah M.N.

## Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The framework for healthy aging is still largely normative and developed in the context of high-income countries, thus failing to capture the life experiences of older adults in middle- and low-income countries. This study aims to explore the meaning of holistic well-being in Makassar City, shaped in accordance with the local urban context of Indonesia. METHOD: This study used a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews of 45 participants consisting of older adults and older adult cadres selected using purposive sampling in 15 sub-districts in Makassar City. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis with MAXQDA 2024 software. RESULTS: This study identified a hierarchical model of holistic well-being comprising eight dimensions organized into four functional layers: Enabling Conditions (Functional Physical Well-Being, Financial Security), Engagement Pathways (Social Participation, Productive Engagement, Lifelong Learning Engagement), Mediating Core (Spiritual Life Orientation, Family-Centered Happiness, Social Embeddedness), Subjective Outcome (Psychological Serenity and Emotional Regulation). CONCLUSION: This study offers an empirically grounded, contextually situated understanding of well-being among older adults in an urban Indonesian setting, extending existing frameworks by foregrounding lived experience and relational interdependence.

## Keywords
- Context (archaeology)
- Thematic analysis
- Nonprobability sampling
- Foregrounding
- Normative
- Qualitative research
- Meaning (existential)
- Psychology
- Gerontology
- Indonesian
- Situated
- Mindset
- Developmental psychology
- Medicine
- Moderation
- Life course approach
- Social psychology
- Applied psychology
- Qualitative property
- Holistic health
- Multilevel model
- Lifelong learning
- Sociology
- Rehabilitation
- Quality of life (healthcare)
- Poison control
- Lived experience
- Theoretical sampling
- Everyday life
- Diversity (politics)

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Sumber: Discover Unhas — RIMS Universitas Hasanuddin.
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