Academic burnout and the protective role of self-efficacy among sports science undergraduates in Indonesia: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Academic burnout disproportionately affects sports science undergraduates facing dual academic-athletic stressors, with self-efficacy attenuating vulnerability. This study examined the association between self-efficacy and academic burnout and quantified burnout odds across self-efficacy strata in Indonesia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to May 2025 among 233 junior-year sports science undergraduates (semesters 3 and 4) at State University of Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Participants were selected using simple random sampling, with a response rate of 83.2%. Ethical clearance was granted by the university’s biomedical research ethics board. Academic burnout was measured using the Indonesian-validated MBI-SS (15 items; Cronbach’s α = 0.87), while self-efficacy was assessed using the Indonesian-validated GSES-12 (12 items; Cronbach’s α = 0.83). Data analysis employed Spearman’s correlation and binary logistic regression using IBM SPSS Statistics version 24.0, with statistical significance defined as P < 0.05. RESULTS: Participants exhibited predominantly moderate self-efficacy (70.4%), with 49.8% demonstrating moderate burnout and no severe cases. Spearman analysis revealed a significant negative association (ρ = −0.172, 95% CI [−0.297, −0.038], P = 0.008). Binary logistic regression confirmed each one-level increase in self-efficacy reduced burnout odds by 53.6% (OR = 0.464, 95% CI [0.261, 0.823], P = 0.009; Nagelkerke R 2 = 0.040). Predicted probabilities were 72.7%, 55.2%, and 36.4% for low, moderate, and high self-efficacy, respectively. CONCLUSION: Self-efficacy was significantly and inversely associated with academic burnout among Indonesian sports science undergraduates, with clinically interpretable predicted probability benchmarks supporting tiered health promotion interventions for burnout prevention in sports science education.

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