# Hierarchical NiO/TiO2-Biomass-Derived Porous Carbon Composite with Improved Electrochemical Kinetics for Energy Storage Applications
> Nurdin M.

URL kanonis: https://discover.unhas.ac.id/publications/pub_scopus_105045393806
Jurnal / Konferensi: Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science
Tahun terbit: 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.47352/JMANS.2774-3047.371
ISSN: 27743047
Kuartil SJR: Q2
Citations: 0

## Authors
- Nurdin M.

## Abstract
The development of high-performance and sustainable anode materials remains a crucial challenge for next-generation energy storage systems. In this study, NiO/TiO₂–biomass-derived porous carbon (BPC) composites were successfully synthesized using palm kernel shell-derived porous carbon as a conductive matrix. Structural and morphological characterizations confirmed the homogeneous distribution of NiO and TiO₂ crystals within the porous carbon framework. The FTIR and XRD analyses verified the presence of metal-oxygen bonds and high phase purity, while SEM revealed a well-developed porous structure. Electrochemical evaluations were performed in KOH solution using a three-electrode configuration. The optimized NiO-TiO2/BPC (1:2) electrode delivered a specific capacity of 7.76 mAh g⁻¹ at 10 mV s⁻¹ and sustained 3.59 mAh g⁻¹ at 80 mV s⁻¹, demonstrating favorable rate capability. Galvanostatic charge-discharge measurements further confirmed the improved performance, reaching 8.75 mAh g⁻¹ at 3 A g⁻¹. This enhanced electrochemical behavior is attributed to the synergistic integration of conductive porous carbon with electroactive NiO and TiO₂ phases. These findings indicate that the NiO-TiO₂/BPC composite functions as a hybrid alkaline electrode material and has potential for safe and sustainable aquatic energy storage devices.

## Keywords
- Materials science
- Anode
- Chemical engineering
- Electrochemistry
- Composite number
- Porosity
- Non-blocking I/O
- Carbon fibers
- Energy storage
- Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- Electrode
- Electrochemical energy storage
- Electrical conductor
- Carbon nanotube
- Nanocomposite
- Supercapacitor
- Phase (matter)
- Electrochemical kinetics
- Composite material
- Porous medium
- Nanotechnology

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Sumber: Discover Unhas — RIMS Universitas Hasanuddin.
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