A Structured Legal Harmonization Model for Digital Integration of Indonesia’s National Logistics Supply Chain in Port Governance

Abstract

Indonesia's port-based logistics governance is still shaped by scattered regulations, overlapping institutional authority, and uneven digital integration. This study addresses that gap by formulating a structured legal harmonization model for the digital integration of Indonesia’s national logistics supply chain in port management. Using an empirical legal approach, data were collected through interviews, questionnaires, and document analysis involving logistics operators, service users, policymakers, and port authorities in Jakarta and Banten. The findings reveal that Indonesia's logistics inefficiency stems not merely from infrastructure or technological limitations, but from disconnected sectoral regulations, weak inter-agency coordination, uneven digital interoperability, high operational costs, and limited service accountability. This study proposes a four-layer harmonization model consisting of regulatory alignment, institutional coordination, digital interoperability, and service accountability. The model contributes conceptually by repositioning legal harmonization as the central mechanism for integrating logistics regulation, institutional mandates, and digital platforms, and practically by providing a legal basis for strengthening national logistics coordination and port governance reform.

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