The application of melatonin in anti-aging cosmetics. An overview of clinical efficacy and mechanisms of action

Abstract

Skin changes associated with aging processes are increasingly recognized as a significant dermatological and aesthetic problems. Melatonin is an endogenous hormone known for its powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Its topical application is gaining popularity as an effective way to slow down the aging process. The study aimed to assess the potential effectiveness and mechanisms of action of melatonin as an anti-aging agent in cosmetics. A systematic review of studies was conducted on publications from January 1990 to April 2025 using the PRISMA guidelines, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library databases. Melatonin in cosmetic preparations has been shown to reduce wrinkles, improve skin firmness, and increase hydration. This was associated with the role of melatonin as a powerful antioxidant that reduces oxidative stress, improves mitochondrial function, regulates lipid metabolism, and protects collagen and elastin fibers, preventing skin damage and promoting skin rejuvenation. Topical application of melatonin appears promising, but further clinical studies are needed to confirm its efficacy and optimize formulation strategies.

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