Comparison of the effectiveness of tranexamic acid, ascorbic acid, and glutathione. Microneedling in the treatment of melasma. Case report

Abstract

Introduction: Melasma is a skin discoloration with multiple causes. It is characterized by a high recurrence rate and resistance to treatment. Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of topical tranexamic acid compared to a combination of glutathione and ascorbic acid. Materials and methods: Substances were applied via microneedling for melasma treatment. Treatments were performed for eight weeks. Results: The results demonstrated the greater effectiveness of combination therapies over monotherapies. Tranexamic acid showed higher efficacy compared to the combination of glutathione and ascorbic acid, probably due to its inhibitory effect on various biological pathways involved in melanogenesis. Conclusions: The presented results may be a prelude to observations justifying further research.

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