# Analysis of the Delay Risk of the Engineering, Procurement, Construction, and Commissioning (EPCC) Phases in Oil and Gas Industry Projects
> Munawir

URL kanonis: https://discover.unhas.ac.id/publications/pub_scopus_105037901058
Jurnal / Konferensi: Engineering Technology and Applied Science Research
Tahun terbit: 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.13969
ISSN: 22414487
Kuartil SJR: Q2
Citations: 0

## Authors
- Munawir

## Abstract
EPCC projects in the oil and gas industry are highly complex and carry significant risks of delays and cost overruns. This study aims to identify and analyze the dominant delay risk factors across each phase of EPCC, using the Matindok Gas Development Project in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, as a case study. The project was originally scheduled for completion within 26 months, but experienced a time extension of up to 12 months. Data collection was conducted through a literature review and the distribution of questionnaires. Risk evaluation was performed based on the probability and impact of each factor using the Risk Priority Number (RPN) method. The results show that the most critical risk factors include design changes by the project owner during the engineering phase (RPN = 13.21), poor cash flow of the parent company in the procurement phase (RPN = 13.2), work sequence conflicts in the field during the construction phase (RPN = 11.23), and incomplete cross-discipline work during the commissioning phase (RPN = 9.93). These findings highlight the importance of implementing integrated risk management strategies across all EPCC phases to prevent delays and ensure timely project completion.

## Keywords
- Procurement
- Project commissioning
- Cash flow
- Phase (matter)
- Work (physics)
- Engineering
- Risk management
- Petroleum industry
- Risk analysis (engineering)
- Discounted cash flow
- Operations management
- Project risk management
- Risk assessment
- Risk management tools
- Project management
- Fossil fuel
- Duration (music)
- Risk factor
- Operational risk
- Business
- Project planning
- Data collection
- Operations research
- Production (economics)
- Project team

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Sumber: Discover Unhas — RIMS Universitas Hasanuddin.
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