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Analysis the relationship between EBNA-1 and the prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients
Ibrahim T.J.
Gazzetta Medica Italiana Archivio Per Le Scienze Mediche
Q4Abstract
BACKGROUND: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignancy of squamous cells originating from the nasopharyngeal epithelium, developing in the Rosenmuller fossa around the Eustachian tube ostium. The development of NPC involves a complex interplay between genetic factors, Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection, and environmental influences. EBV is present in all tumor cells, making it a key target for malignancy diagnostics. EBV nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA-1) is a DNA-binding protein essential for maintaining the EBV genome in B-cells as a circular DNA episome. The EBNA-1 gene serves as a marker for detecting EBV DNA due to its conserved nature, lack of polymorphism, and activity in both lytic and latent phases. This study aimed to determine the relationship between EBNA-1 levels in the tissues and blood of NPC patients and their prognosis.METHODS: This observational study employed a prospective cohort design from August 2023 to June 2024. The study population comprised NPC patients receiving treatment at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital and UNHAS Hospital. EBNA-1 levels in blood and tissue were measured before chemotherapy, and prognosis was assessed after the third chemotherapy cycle. Samples were analyzed using the ELISA method, and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.RESULTS: A total of 44 NPC patients were included. Blood EBNA-1 levels were higher in patients with a good prognosis (29.2) compared to those with a poor prognosis (25.9). Conversely, tissue EBNA-1 levels were lower in patients with a good prognosis (6.7) than in those with a poor prognosis (7.6). There was no statistically significant relationship (P>0.05) between EBNA-1 levels in blood and tissue and NPC prognosis.CONCLUSIONS: EBNA-1 levels in blood and tissues cannot be used as prognostic indicators for NPC in this study.