Health Education Strategies for Tuberculosis Treatment Adherence: A Scoping Review

Abstract

Background: Adhering to tuberculosis (TB) treatment is vital for preventing the spread of the disease and the rise of drug-resistant strains. However, low adherence rates remain challenging, reflecting the public's limited understanding of the importance of completing treatment, underscoring the need for better health education. Objective: This scoping review aims to explore and synthesize existing health education strategies designed to enhance adherence to tuberculosis treatment. Methods: A scoping review using Arksey and O'Malley was conducted. Relevant articles published within the last 10 years, from 2014 to 2024, were selected for this review. The research literature was gathered from six databases: PubMed, Science Direct, Sage, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, and Google Scholar. The Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines were used for data extraction. Results: Out of 1,213 studies reviewed, 14 articles were included in this analysis. This review identifies five key themes related to health education strategies: the purpose of health education, the media of intervention, the methods of intervention, the duration of intervention, and the outcomes of education. Conclusion: Effective health education strategies to promote treatment adherence among tuberculosis patients can significantly improve patient compliance. A wider adoption of these strategies will help control tuberculosis and achieve global elimination goals. In the future, telemedicine and tele-nursing will be vital for enhancing adherence in areas with limited healthcare access.

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