Challenges and Strategies For Poultry Development in South Sulawesi Province

Abstract

Abstract Poultry farming plays a significant role in meeting the demand for animal protein and contributes to income generation, employment, and local economic growth in Indonesia. South Sulawesi is one of the provinces with a high potential for poultry farming development. However, fluctuations in population growth and various constraints hinder the sustainability of the sector. Methods. This study employed a descriptive quantitative approach using secondary data from the Central Bureau of Statistics, Agricultural Census, and the Ministry of Agriculture (Directorate General of Livestock and Animal Health Services) of South Sulawesi for the period 2019–2024. Data were analyzed to describe population trends, identify key constraints, and propose strategies for poultry development. Results. The poultry population in South Sulawesi exhibited notable fluctuations over the past five years, with periods of both growth and decline. The population peaked in 2021 at 143,613,577 birds, reflecting a substantial increase compared to previous years. However, after this peak, the population declined and reached its lowest level in 2023, totaling 121,155,223 birds. This represents a decrease of approximately 15.6% from 2021, suggesting the impact of various factors such as disease outbreaks, feed price volatility, climate variability, and changes in farming practices. Broiler chickens continued to dominate poultry farming due to their efficiency and profitability, whereas ducks constituted the smallest share of total poultry numbers. The sector also faced several major constraints, including limited access to high-quality breeding stock, recurrent disease outbreaks, rising feed costs, inadequate biosecurity measures, and environmental challenges related to farm waste management. Conclusion. Sustainable development of poultry farming in South Sulawesi requires the adoption of appropriate technology, improvement of breeding systems, better farm management, integration with local resources, and stronger institutional support through extension services. These strategies are essential to increase productivity, ensure food security, and strengthen the economic role of poultry farming in the region.

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