Prevalence and Risk Factors of Theileria Infection in Kacang Goats (Capra aegagrus hircus) in Tamalate District, Makassar

Abstract

Abstract Goats are ruminant livestock species that play an important role in providing animal protein to the community. Kacang goats are widely reared in Makassar City because of their high adaptability and favorable meat. However, the productivity of Kacang goats can be compromised by various diseases, including hemoprotozoan infections such as Theleria which are endemic to tropical regions and may lead to substantial economic losses. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with the occurrence of theileriasis in Kacang goats (Capra aegagrus hircus) in the Tamalate District in Makassar City, Indonesia, using a descriptive cross-sectional design. A total of 107 blood sample were randomly collected and examined using the thin blood smear method. Data were analyzed to assess the prevalence in relation to potential risk factors, including sex, age, management system, and history of insecticide use in the previous year. Five of the 107 samples (4.67%) tested positive for hemoprotozoan infection, specifically Theileria sp. while no other hemoprotozoan species were detected, indicating a relatively low prevalence. Statistical analysis using fisher test demonstrated that only the history of insecticide use was significantly associated with Theileria infection (p< 0.05), whereas others factors such as sex, age, and management system showed no significant association (p>0.05). This study demonstrates the presence of Theileria sp. infection in Kacang goats in the Tamalate District, with a low infection rate. Goats that were not treated with insecticides showed a significantly higher level of infection compared to those that received insecticide treatment.

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