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PID Control Simulation as a Redundant System in Waterjet Propulsion on the KM. Jetliner Ship
Salam A.E.U.
Proceedings 7th International Conference on Informatics Multimedia Cyber and Information System Icimcis 2025
Abstract
As an archipelagic nation, Indonesia relies heavily on maritime transportation, making ship safety and operational efficiency essential. Waterjet propulsion systems, commonly used in high-speed vessels, remain susceptible to control failures, as demonstrated by the 2017 KM Jetliner incident, which was caused by a PLC malfunction. This study proposes the implementation of a PID controller as a redundant system to enhance operational safety and reliability. The waterjet’s mathematical model was analyzed under various scenarios, including setpoint variations, mass disturbances, and control switching events. Simulation results show that the PID controller effectively improves system stability. During initialization, the PID reduced overshoot to only 4.6 percent, indicating stronger damping and the elimination of steady-state error (SSE). The controller also exhibited robust disturbance rejection; in mass-variation tests, transient overshoot remained low at 4.8 percent. In the control-switching scenario, the PID successfully took over, achieving a faster settling time (1523.9 s) and limiting switching overshoot to 24.4 percent. These findings confirm the PID controller’s capability to accelerate system recovery following a primary control failure. Overall, the PID controller proves to be an effective and reliable redundant system, capable of minimizing overshoot, ensuring stability, and maintaining speed accuracy. Although settling time may increase under certain conditions, the PID’s ability to suppress overshoot and stabilize the system after switching provides significant improvements to the safety and reliability of ship propulsion systems.