# KRAS exon 2 mutations and blood types A, B, and AB in rectal cancer at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Indonesia: a cross-sectional study
> Ibrahim A.M.

URL kanonis: https://discover.unhas.ac.id/publications/pub_scopus_105034522881
Jurnal / Konferensi: Chirurgia Turin
Tahun terbit: 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.23736/S0394-9508.25.05892-9
ISSN: 03949508
Kuartil SJR: Q4
Citations: 0

## Authors
- Ibrahim A.M.

## Abstract
BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Oncogenes such as KRAS play a role in the development of CRC, and ABO blood group antigens are present in the epithelial cells of the colon. There is currently a lack of research related to KRAS and ABO blood groups in Indonesia.METHODS: This observational cross-sectional study examining the relationship between the KRAS exon 2 mutation and blood types A, B, and AB in rectal cancer patients at Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital and Hasanuddin University Laboratory in Makassar, Indonesia. The study was initiated on January 20, 2023, completed when the sample was fulfilled, and included the following variables: age, sex, ABO blood group, and KRAS exon 2 mutation (by polymerase chain reaction test).RESULTS: This study included 41 CRC patients, 12 of whom were male (52.2%). The most common age was 56-65 years (8 patients; 34.8% of cases). Most patients were at Stage I (7 individuals; 30.4%) and most showed a moderate grade (15 patients; 65.2%). Blood type A was the most common (12 cases; 52.2%). KRAS exon 2 was non-mutated in 20 cases (86.96%). The statistical analysis revealed no significant relationships between sex, age, stage, histology grading, and ABO blood group and KRAS exon 2 mutation (P value >0.05).CONCLUSIONS: There are no significant associations between sex, age, stage, histology grading, and ABO blood group on KRAS exon 2 mutations in CRC.

## Keywords
- ABO blood group system
- KRAS
- Colorectal cancer
- Medicine
- Exon
- Internal medicine
- Oncology
- Mutation
- Gastroenterology
- Polymerase chain reaction
- Incidence (geometry)
- Allele
- Cancer
- Stage (stratigraphy)
- Blood cancer
- Histology
- Significant difference
- Blood type (non-human)
- Hereditary Cancer
- Cancer research
- Observational study
- Immunohistochemistry
- Real-time polymerase chain reaction
- Antigen

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Sumber: Discover Unhas — RIMS Universitas Hasanuddin.
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