Determinants Of Preeclampsia Incidence In Wajo Regency

Abstract

Background. Preeclampsia is one of the main causes of maternal morbidity and mortality in developing countries, including Indonesia. Various risk factors such as maternal age, education, parity, pregnancy distance, nutritional status, and history of chronic diseases need to be analyzed to understand the determinants of preeclampsia more comprehensively. Purpose. This study aims to analyze the risk factors associated with the incidence of preeclampsia in pregnant women in the third trimester. Method. The research with a quantitative approach design with a case control design study was conducted at the Tempe and Salewangeng Health Centers, Wajo Regency. The sample withdrawal technique uses the purposive sampling technique. Data were obtained through KIA books, maternal cohorts, and questionnaires, then analyzed bivariately using odds ratio (OR) and multivariate tests with binary logistics. Results. The results of the bivariate analysis showed that parity (OR=5,667), history of hypertension (OR=1138,500), and history of diabetes mellitus (OR=08,903) had a risk with the incidence of preeclampsia, while age, education, gestational age, gestational distance and nutritional status had an OR value of <1 and showed no significant difference in risk between the groups compared. Multivariate analysis identified a history of hypertension as the most dominant risk factor (OR=1307,750; 95% CI: 100,286–17053,253; p<0.001). Conclusion. History of hypertension was the main determinant of preeclampsia in the study population, while other factors such as parity, pregnancy distance, and diabetes mellitus had a weaker role after being controlled. These findings emphasize the importance of screening for hypertension history and preventive interventions in an effort to reduce the incidence of preeclampsia

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