The Different Political Tastes of Generations in Indonesia: A Bourdieu Approach to Public Opinion Formation

Abstract

This article examines generational disparities in public opinion during the 2024 Indonesian Presidential Election through a mixed methods approach informed by Pierre Bourdieu's concepts of Habitus, Capital, and Arena.Surveys and in-depth interviews were conducted with 400 respondents representing Baby Boomers, Generation X, Millennials, and Generation Z.The findings demonstrate a polarization of public opinion into two dominant formations: "Change" and "Continuity."Support for Continuity is most prevalent among Generation Z and Baby Boomers, while Generation X shows a stronger orientation toward Change, reflecting their transitional status in social and economic arenas.This generational pattern is shaped by differing social positions, with Generation X at the peak of professional activity and pursuing stability, which aligns with aspirations for broader transformation.Across all cohorts, ambivalence or neutrality is minimal, indicating that respondents tend to adopt clear and decisive positions rather than remaining in the "gray" zone.Notably, the assumption that Generation Z would lean progressively toward reform is challenged, as their opinions are heavily mediated by symbolic capital mobilized by political candidates, especially through media representation, charisma, and public image.Each generation's distinct way of consuming, processing, and valuing political information underscores the significance of generational dynamics in shaping electoral preferences.These differences carry important implications for the design and dissemination of political messages, highlighting the need for tailored strategies that resonate with generational identities and orientations.Overall, the study provides critical insights into the interplay between political capital and generational positioning in the Indonesian electoral context.

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