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Correlation of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and eosinophil-to-lymphocyte ratio to asthma exacerbation and its severity
Sahir M.
Gazzetta Medica Italiana Archivio Per Le Scienze Mediche
Q4Abstract
BACKGROUND: Asthma is a common disease that varies in severity from very mild wheezing to life-threatening acute airway obstruction. It usually occurs in childhood in association with atopy and is often accompanied by hay fever, increasing hospitalization rates and health care costs.METHODS: This type of research is an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design by taking data from asthma exacerbation patients who meet the research criteria. Data collection of asthma exacerbation patients were collected from October 2023 to August 2024. The study population included asthma exacerbation patients undergoing treatment at our hospital and its network recorded in medical records.RESULTS: This study involved 98 subjects aged over 20 years, consisting of 38 men and 60 women. The results showed that the average neutrophil levels in patients with severe-life-threatening asthma exacerbations were significantly higher compared to patients with mild-moderate asthma exacerbations. Conversely, lymphocyte and eosinophil levels in patients with severe-life-threatening asthma exacerbations were significantly lower compared to patients with mild-moderate asthma exacerbations. In addition, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) value in the severe-life-threatening exacerbation group was also found to be significantly higher compared to mild-moderate, in contrast to the eosinophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (ELR) which was found to be significantly lower in the severe-life-threatening exacerbation group.CONCLUSIONS: Patients with high NLR had a greater chance of experiencing severe to life-threatening exacerbations compared to patients with low NLR. We can recommend NLR as a biomarker in assessing the severity of asthma exacerbations. ELR cannot be used as a marker in assessing the severity of asthma exacerbations.