The influence of microclimate on macrofungal diversity in the urban forest of Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia

Abstract

Abstract Urban forests are crucial habitats for a variety of macrofungi, which serve as indicators of ecosystem health and play a vital role in the nutrient cycle. The objective of this investigation is to investigate the impact of microclimate conditions on the diversity of macrofungi in the urban forest of Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia. A survey method was employed to collect data, which took into consideration the microclimate variations at each location. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index, abundance index, evenness index, and dominance index were used to calculate macrofungal diversity for principal component analysis (PCA) to investigate the correlation between microclimate and macrofungal diversity. The study’s findings indicated a substantial correlation between macrofungal diversity and microclimate parameters. The distribution of macrofungal species was primarily influenced by soil pH and wind speed. According to the analysis results, the medium-category dead tree substrates exhibited the highest macrofungi diversity index (2.17), the high-category dead tree substrates exhibited the highest richness index (13.79), the medium-category living tree substrates exhibited the highest evenness index (0.49), and the low-category soil substrates exhibited the highest dominance index (0.41). These discoveries establish a foundation for the conservation of biodiversity in urban environments, sustainable urban forest management, and the diversity of macrofungi.

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