Evaluation of Growth Performance of Bioslurry Isolated Bacteria and their Application in Ceratophyllum sp. Fermentation for Sustainable Fish Feed

Abstract

HistoryFeed fermentation enhances nutritional quality, reduces feed costs, and mitigates pollution when processed with suitable microorganisms.This study investigated the growth and potential of three bacterial isolates from bioslurry-Exiguobacterium aurantiacum, Bacillus indriensis, and Bacillus cereus-as fermentation agents to improve the nutritional quality of Ceratophyllum sp. as a raw material for fish feed.Bacterial growth measurements conducted using spectrophotometry revealed a quadratic growth pattern with an R² value approaching 1. Peak growth was observed at 20.5-30.5h.The fermentation process, conducted over 24, 48, and 72h, significantly increased the protein and ash content while reducing the crude fiber and nitrogen-free extract (NFE) levels.The highest protein content was recorded after fermentation by B. cereus for 72h (34.80±0.007%),representing a 47.6% increase from the initial value.The most substantial reduction in crude fiber was observed after 72h of fermentation with B. indriensis, where it decreased from 14.38 to 4.26% (a reduction of 70.4%), indicating cellulolytic enzyme activity.The ash content increased, reflecting the release of essential minerals.Thus, fermentation using commensal bacteria from bioslurry is an effective strategy to optimize Ceratophyllum sp. as a high-nutrient and environmentally sustainable alternative feed source.

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