# Assessment of Production Costs in Toyota Production System Simulation Based on Makespan
> Mangngenre S.

URL kanonis: https://discover.unhas.ac.id/publications/pub_scopus_105020751070
Jurnal / Konferensi: Management and Production Engineering Review
Tahun terbit: 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24425/mper.2025.156146
ISSN: 20808208
Kuartil SJR: Q3
Citations: 0

## Authors
- Mangngenre S.

## Abstract
This study examines the impact of makespan on production costs by comparing the Toyota Production System through simulations with three scheduling algorithms: the Initial Method, Simulated Annealing (SA), and Tabu Search (TS). This analysis explores the makespan, total production costs, and unit costs across three varying demand levels. Results show that SA and TS achieve a lower makespan than the Initial Method, although their total production costs are slightly higher. However, as demand increases, unit costs decrease in SA and TS, suggesting improved economies of scale with these methods. These findings highlight critical trade-offs between time and cost, emphasizing the importance of aligning scheduling choices with the company’s strategic goals. Additionally, the study addresses managerial aspects such as Break-even analysis, production constraints, and technology investments. Limitations include a restricted demand range and the exclusion of external factors, suggesting areas for further research on production quality in manufacturing.

## Keywords
- Job shop scheduling
- Tabu search
- Production (economics)
- Scheduling (production processes)
- Computer science
- Simulated annealing
- Toyota Production System
- Operations research
- Total cost
- Economies of scale
- Production cost
- Operations management
- Mathematical optimization
- Production manager
- Lean manufacturing
- Production planning
- Quality (philosophy)
- Business
- Unit cost
- Holding cost

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Sumber: Discover Unhas — RIMS Universitas Hasanuddin.
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