Atherogenic index of plasma as a predictor of Hounsfield unit attenuation, infarct lesion number, and stroke severity in acute ischemic stroke

Abstract

Background and aim: The triglyceride (TG)/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol Log (TG/HDL-C) ratio is characterized as the serum atherogenic indeks of plasma (AIP). A high TG/HDL-C ratio is associated with vascular conditions, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome. Cerebrovascular diseases have recognized the importance of the lipid profile linked to AIP. However, there are still relatively few studies exploring the AIP in relation to these conditions, especially ischaemic stroke (IS). This study aim to find out the association between AIP with Hounsfield unit (HU), CT (Computed Tomography) cerebral lesion burden and neurological impairment in IS. Methods: Patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) admitted between January until December 2023 were retrospectively enrolled in this study. The AIP was determined using the subsequent formula derived from blood test: AIP=log [TG (mg/dL)/HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)]. AIP was classified into low risk (<0.11), moderate risk (0.11-0.21), high risk (>0.21). Statistical analysis was processed with SPSS version 26.0 software, presented in frequency distribution tables, and discussed. Results: 103 AIS patients, average age was 60.20 years, with 51 females (49,5%) and 52 males (50,5%). The Association between AIP and CT cerebral lesion burden, as well as neurological impairment using National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, is statistically significant with a positive relationship with HU (acute phase) r=+0.612; p<0.001, CT cerebral lesions and neurological impairment, respectively r= +0.825; p<0.001 and r=+0.602; p<0.001. Conclusions: This study demonstrates a significant association between high serum AIP with HU (acute phase), multiple CT cerebral lesions and severe neurological impairment of ischemic stroke. This simple, inexpensive and effective test method can prevent the occurrence of ischemic stroke. (www.actabiomedica.it)

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