Reproductive disorders in Simmental cattle: Enhancing fertility through a hormonal protocol

Abstract

Although hormonal protocols were effective in synchronizing estrus and inducing ovulation, their efficacy varied depending on the severity of reproductive disorders and environmental management practices. These findings demonstrate that hormonal protocols can partially mitigate the physiological disruptions caused by reproductive disorders; however, integrated reproductive management strategies are essential. Combining hormonal interventions with targeted nutritional support, improved environmental management, and enhanced estrus detection practices is critical for optimizing reproductive performance. This study provides a framework for addressing reproductive challenges in Simmental cattle, supporting sustainable livestock production in semi-intensive systems in resource-limited settings.

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