THE USE SIMPLE BIOMARKERS ON Oryzias celebensis EMBRYOS FOR TOXICITY DETERMINATION IN TALLO RIVER SEDIMENT SEMI-IN SITU

Abstract

This study aimed to analyse the embryogenesis phase and contaminant-sensitive biomarkers in Tallo River sediments. Using the purposive sampling method, sediment sampling was conducted at three stations with three replicates each. Exposure of Oryzias celebensis embryos was performed using the quasi-experimental method. The exposure media used were control media, namely Embryo Rearing Medium (ERM), 0.25 mg/L Lead (Pb) Positive Control (PC) media, and Sediment Supernatant (SS) media from sediment sampling station (SS 1, SS 2, and SS 3). Biomarkers in this study include egg diameter, yolk volume, yolk absorption rate, somites, heart rate, jaw movement, hatching time, survival, and length of early hatched larvae. The result revealed that the highest concentration of Pb metal in the sediment was at station 2 and the lowest at station 3. Embryos exposed to SS 1 and SS 2 media predominantly demonstrated a significant comparison to embryos on ERM media. The crucial biomarkers for identifying contaminants in polluted waters include the survival rate of embryos, somites, heart rate, and yolk absorption rate. These biomarkers offer a more direct representation of the toxic impact of contaminants on essential biological processes, making them valuable indicators. Accordingly, biomarkers can be used for biomonitoring based on the effects of pollutants in sediments, waters, or biota.

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