Phytoremediation of Fe and Mn Metal in Acid Mine Drainage Using Typha Angustifolia

Abstract

Abstract Coal mining activities in Indonesia are quite high and generally use the open-pit method. The problem that arises due to open mining is the presence of acid mine drainage (AMD) containing heavy metals such as Fe and Mn. The existence of heavy metals can cause water pollution and cause the death of aquatic organisms. Active processing methods that are widely used to process AMD have shortcomings, including high costs and can produce large amounts of sludge. One of the passive processing methods, namely phytoremediation method using constructed wetland system, is an alternative processing method which has advantages such as easy design, low cost of financing, and does not require expert operations, but has a fairly good ability to reduce pollutants, including heavy metals. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a constructed wetland system in reducing Iron metal (Fe) and manganese metal (Mn) in AMD. This study was designed in a laboratory-scale research experiment by flowing AMD into a reactor that has regulated discharge and growing media. In addition to these two variables, the success of the constructed wetland system in this study was also influenced by the presence of Typha angustifolia which functions as a phytoremediation agent in reducing the concentration of Fe and Mn metals. The analysis showed that the best treatment in this study was Q1M2 which had the highest removal efficiency of Fe and Mn respectively 94.35% and 85.21%.

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