Performance Evaluation of Magnesia-Type Refractory Brick Waste as Complete Replacement for Fine Aggregate and Filler in Asphalt Concrete Wearing Course Mixtures

Abstract

Infrastructure development has been rapidly increasing in recent times, and the use of waste materials as aggregates in this process has positively impacted regional and national economies. This study investigates the use of magnesia-type Refractory Brick (RB) waste as a substitute for fine aggregate and filler in Asphalt Concrete-Wearing Course (AC-WC) mixtures. The RB waste is generated from the kiln walls of nickel smelting furnaces and is used to completely replace natural sand by weight. The study compared Marshall empirical values, such as stability, yield, and Marshall quotient (MQ), volumetric characteristics, such as Void In the Mix (VIM), Void in Mineral Aggregate (VMA), and Void Filled with Bitumen (VFB), and Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) of AC-WC mixtures containing natural sand at asphalt percentages of 5.0%, 5.5%, 6.0%, 6.5%, and 7.0%. The findings reveal that the optimum Marshall properties were achieved with RB waste at a 5% asphalt content, compared to 6.0% for natural sand. Furthermore, the AC-WC mixture incorporating RB waste exhibited sufficient strength and durability to withstand traffic loads, suggesting that the complete replacement of natural sand with RB waste significantly influences the properties of AC-WC asphalt, promoting the environmentally friendly and economical reuse of waste materials in the industry.

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