Pale environmental reconstruction on Toroan residential site in Madura Island: Phytolith-based analysis

Abstract

Abstract The location of Madura Island is quite strategic as a trajectory of human migration, in the prehistoric neolithic era, because it was based on the island’s location. Large islands such as Java, Kalimantan and Sulawesi, besides small islands also stretch around it. To reveal the ancient environment (paleoenvirontmental) and how the use of the environment in the neolithic period can be known through phytolite research. Taking sediment samples has been carried out through excavations at Goa Toroan Site. Phytolite analysis that has been done through soil sampling method follows the sampling procedure carried out in Palynologi analysis. The phytolytic identification stage uses a reference to pre-existing plants. The results of this study have shown a picture of the ancient environment in Madura in general, especially in the Toroan Cave site, and the results of this analysis are also reinforced by archaeological findings revealed at the excavation on the site.

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