Morphological characteristics, race distribution, and virulence gene analysis of Pyricularia oryzae isolates (teleomorph: Magnaporthe oryzae)

Abstract

Abstract Rice blast disease caused by fungus Pyricularia oryzae (Teleomorph: Magnaporthe oryzae) has caused significant losses of rice yields in many world’s rice-producing countries. The planting of resistant varieties was initially effective in suppressing blast disease, however, in many cases, as the time goes by, the resistance becomes ineffective due to the emergence of a new race. Study on the distribution of race and genetic diversity of P. oryzae isolates can be useful in the development of resistant varieties. The aim of this research was to determine the distribution of P. oryzae races and genetic variations of the isolates collected from Pinrang District. Race testing was based on the reaction of a set of an Indonesian differential variety. The severity of blast disease was observed seven days after inoculation using the Standard Evaluation System for Rice (IRRI). The pathogen’s genetic diversity was determined using specific primers, coding the fungus virulence genes Pwl2, Erg2 and Cut1. The banding patterns of DNA amplification product contained in each primer were scored with a value of 1 (there is a DNA band) and 0 (no DNA bands). A total of 22 isolates of P. oryzae obtained from five sub-districts in Pinrang belonged to 10 different races. Race 001 is the dominant race identified in 4 isolate source sites. Molecular analysis of the 10 isolates of P. oryzae with different races was found haplotype F-110 (8 isolates) and G-100 (2 isolates).

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