Landslide Hazard Index Assessment Using GIS and AHP in Tapalang, Mamuju, West Sulawesi Province, Indonesia

Abstract

Landslides pose a significant threat to the Tapalang District in Mamuju, because of its geographical conditions, steep slopes, high rainfall intensity, and frequent seismic activity. This study aims to analyze the Landslide Hazard Index (LHI) in the region using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine the spatial distribution of the landslide risks and identify high-risk zones. The methodology incorporates topographical, geological, land use, soil type, and rainfall data, assessed through an AHP-based multi-criteria analysis, and mapped using GIS tools to create a comprehensive landslide susceptibility map. The results indicate that Tapalang District shows different levels of landslide susceptibility, with high-risk areas primarily found in regions featuring steep slopes, loose soil composition, and notable land-use changes. Moderate-risk zones encompass a significant portion of the district and necessitate ongoing monitoring, whereas low-risk areas are largely situated in flatter, more stable regions. The novelty of this study lies in the integrated use of GIS and AHP to improve the accuracy of landslide risk assessment by offering a quantitative and spatially detailed risk classification. This innovation provides a replicable and scalable decision-support model for local governments and disaster management agencies to develop proactive mitigation strategies, including early warning systems, land-use regulation enforcement, and slope stabilization measures. This research contributes to disaster management planning by providing a robust framework for assessing and mitigating landslide hazards in Tapalang and other similarly vulnerable regions.

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