Ki-67 expression by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction as predictor of clinical response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced breast cancer

Abstract

Background . Chemotherapy has become a standard of treatment in managing breast cancer. To achieve proper treatment for the right patients, the predictive marker is needed. Ki-67 is a biomarker of proliferation for solid tumor. Studies mentioned association of Ki-67 expression with chemotherapy response. The study aims are to evaluate whether Ki-67 expression detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) may predict clinical response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer. Methods . This study utilized a longitudinal study. IHC and qRT-PCR methods were used for detection of Ki-67 expression. Chemotherapy response was calculated using RECIST. Data were analyzed with Chi-square and Wilcoxon’s test. Results . There were 48 subjects in this study. Analysis of Ki-67 expression with chemotherapy response has a significant correlation with<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">0.025</mml:mn></mml:math>(&lt;0.05), OR: 1.69, confidence interval (95% CI) 1.022–2.810. Analysis of Ki-67 mRNA expression with chemotherapy response has a significant correlation<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">0.002</mml:mn></mml:math>(&lt;0.05), OR: 6.85, confidence interval (95% CI) 1.064–44.193. Detection of Ki-67 expression using IHC and qRT-PCR has similar results,<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M3"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">0.012</mml:mn></mml:math>(&lt;0.05). Conclusion . These results suggest that Ki-67 expression detected by both IHC and qRT-PCR is considered to be a predictor of clinical response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced breast cancer.

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