Induction of Lili Hujan polyploid (Zephyranthes rosea Lindl.) with ethanolic extract of Tapak Dara leaf (Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. don.) to increase its economic value

Abstract

The ornamental plant is a high economic-value commodity and highly prospective cultivated in Indonesia. One of them is Lili Hujan plant (Zephyranthes rosea Lindl.). However, this plant is less desirable because the size of the flowers is small, thin, and wilted quickly. Therefore, the genetic improvement to improve the quality of interest is necessary. One way is through polyploidy induction using chemicals such as vincristine, which is derived from an ethanolic extract of tapak dara leaf (Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don.). This research aims to know the potency of ethanolic extract of tapak Dara leaf in induction polyploidization of Lili hujan plant (duration of immersion) and its influence on the characters of the morphology and chromosomes. Tuber plants soaked (8, 16, and 24 hours) with 0.1% ethanolic extract of tapak dara leaf. The observed variables include morphological characters (root mass, length, and width of the leaves, the day of flower appearance, tuber diameter), stomata density and chromosomes. Extract of ethanolic from tapak data leaves 0,1% with 8, 16, and 24 hours immersion periods can induce polyploidization of Lili hujan plants with increasing number of chromosomes compared with control plants. Also, the root mass, number and broad leaves, and the stomata density also increased. Finally, the economic value of Lili hujan plant increased because of quality improvement phenotype.

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