Identification of lead exposure through saliva and the occurrence of gingival pigmentation at fuel station Indonesian officers

Abstract

Objective: To identify the exposure of lead through saliva and the presence of gingival pigmentation in the risk group.  Material and Methods: The type of this research is analytic observational with cross-sectional study design. To determine the level of leads in saliva is measured by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry and Assessment of the severity of lead-gingival lead line in this study based on the area of the gingival surface based on the number of dental areas. The data were analyzed with the t-test and Chi-square test. The level of significance was set at 5%.  Results: The average Lead content in saliva group exposed was 6,66  μ g / ml and control group 4,721  μ g / ml (p≤0.05). There is a correlation between gingival lead line incidence with exposure to Lead with OR = 3.33 (p = 0.001).  Conclusion: The identification of exposure to lead poisoning can be determined by examination in saliva and ginggiva state, it is proven that the risk of gingival lead (Ginggival Lead Line) in the worker group at the gas station station is 3.3 times more risk than the control group. Occupational safety factors are important for workers at high risk of exposure to the element of lead for additional education on the importance of using masks to prevent the severity of the occurrence of lead effects on overall health.

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