Identification of drought stress tolerance of several local Indonesian rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties from Gorontalo at various concentrations of polyethylene glycol (PEG)

Abstract

This investigation aims to evaluate the drought resilience of six indigenous rice varieties from Gorontalo during germination under varying PEG concentrations. The study was conducted in a controlled laboratory setting. An experimental design featuring a two-factorial approach with complete randomization and three replications was utilized. The first factor concerns the rice varieties, specifically: Maraya, Ponda, Pulo Kuku, Pulo Merah, Sonu, and Temo. The second factor involves PEG concentrations, including 0 g L-1 (control), 8 g L-1 (low stress), 16 g L-1 (moderate stress), and 24 g L-1 (severe stress). Germination performance parameters monitored included germination percentage, germination speed index, T10 germination, T90 germination, mean germination time, mean germination rate, coefficient of variation of germination, and uncertainty, while seedling trait parameters included plumule length, radicle length, fresh weight, and dry weight. Germination traits were calculated based on daily counts of seeds achieving growth greater than 2 mm of radicle. Diverse responses from indigenous rice varieties to drought stress were observed. PEG treatment was found to inhibit both the germination process and seedling development compared to the control. The stress susceptibility index identified Maraya as the only tolerant cultivar concerning plumule length, with a value below 0.5, while the other five cultivars were deemed sensitive across all assessed traits.

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