GLOBAL RESEARCH TRENDS ON HEAVY METAL CONTAMINATION IN REFILL DRINKING WATER NEAR CEMENT FACTORIES: A BIBLIOMETRIC INSIGHT ALIGNED WITH SDG-6

Abstract

Ensuring access to safe drinking water remains a major challenge in the context of rapid urbanization and industrial growth. Refill Drinking Water Depots (DAMIU) have emerged as a widely used alternative to conventional water supply systems, especially in low- and middle-income nations. Nevertheless, the safety of DAMIUwater isincreasingly at risk due to contamination by heavy metals such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg), which largely stem from surrounding industrial operations like cement production. Inadequately controlledemissions—whether dust, gases, or liquid waste-can seep into soils and surface waters, polluting rawwater sources. Exposure to these heavy metals in humans may lead to serious health conditions such as neurological disorders, kidney damage, and cancer. Therefore, the adoption of efficient water purification techniques—particularlyadsorption-should be prioritized to ensure DAMIU water complies with safety standards and supports the realizationof Sustainable Development Goal 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation).

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