Effects of Butterfly Pea Flower (Clitoria ternatea) Extract in a Tris Egg Yolk Extender on Saanen Goat Sperm During Freezing, Cold Storage and Incubation

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea) extract on Saanen goat semen quality during cold storage, cryopreservation, and incubation. Semen was collected from four male Saanen goats (aged 3-4 years) twice a week for five weeks using an artificial vagina. The semen was diluted with a Tris-based extender containing 0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% concentrations of the extract. After dilution, semen underwent cold storage at 4-5°C and cryopreservation, with quality assessments on days 1, 3, 6, and 9 for cold storage and at 60, 180, and 300 minutes during incubation at 38°C. Evaluations included sperm motility, viability, membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, and kinematic parameters using a light microscope and CASA system. Results indicated significant improvements in sperm quality with butterfly pea flower extract, particularly at the 1.5% concentration. During cold storage, sperm viability increased from 33.10% (control) to 48.46% (1.5% CTE), and motility rose from 50.85% (control) to 68.92% (1% CTE). Kinematic parameters, including progressive motility and curvilinear velocity, improved significantly, especially at 1.5% CTE. Post-thaw semen exhibited enhanced motility and membrane integrity, with the 1.5% CTE group showing the highest values. During incubation, sperm motility was better preserved in CTE-treated groups, with significant improvements in total and progressive motility observed at 60 and 180 minutes. Overall, butterfly pea flower extract significantly enhanced semen quality during storage, cryopreservation, and incubation, suggesting its potential as an effective natural antioxidant for improving semen preservation in artificial insemination programs. Keywords: Dairy goat, genetics, semen quality, artificial insemination, cryopreservation, antioxidants, kinematics .

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