# Effect of Family Empowerment on HbA1c Levels and Healing of Diabetic Foot Ulcers
> Appil R.

URL kanonis: https://discover.unhas.ac.id/publications/effect-of-family-empowerment-on-hba1c-levels-and-healing-of-diabetic-foot-ulcers
Jurnal / Konferensi: International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds
Tahun terbit: 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1534734620930120
ISSN: 15347346
Kuartil SJR: Q2
Citations: 18

## Authors
- Appil R.

## Abstract
<i>Objective</i>. To evaluate the effectiveness of family empowerment through educational interventions against HbA1c level and healing progress of diabetic foot ulcers. <i>Method</i>. A quasi-experimental design was employed involving 33 participants from 4 wound care clinics in Makassar, eastern Indonesia. The intervention group consisted of 17 participants and their families; the control group was composed of 16 participants who received nonstructural education. Family empowerment was measured by the Indonesian version of the Family Empowerment Scale instrument. Glycemic control was evaluated with HbA1c levels, and the wound healing process was evaluated on the Diabetic Foot Ulcers Assessment Scale. <i>Result</i>. After 3 months, Family Empowerment Scale scores improved, particularly in the subdomain of family knowledge (16.59 ± 3.92 vs 13.38 ± 1.26; <i>P</i> = .005) and attitude (3.65 ± 0.93 vs 2.75 ± 0.45; <i>P</i> = .002). After 3 months of intervention, HbA1c decreased (from 10.47 ± 2.44% to 8.81 ± 1.83%), compared with the control group (<i>P</i> = .048). Meanwhile, an independent <i>t</i> test further revealed that the wound healing process tended to be better with the intervention group (4.71 ± 7.74) compared with the control group (17.25 ± 17.06), with <i>P</i> = .010 at the third month. <i>Conclusion</i>. Family-based education intervention creates family empowerment to control HbA1c levels and accelerate wound healing of diabetic foot ulcer.

## Keywords
- Medicine
- Empowerment
- Glycemic
- Diabetic foot
- Physical therapy
- Intervention (counseling)
- Psychological intervention
- Diabetes mellitus
- Diabetic foot ulcer
- Wound care
- Wound healing
- Internal medicine
- Nursing
- Surgery
- Endocrinology
- Political science
- Law

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Sumber: Discover Unhas — RIMS Universitas Hasanuddin.
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