Differences in the quality of life of epileptic patients with and without sleep disturbance

Abstract

To compare differences in quality of life in epilepsy patients with and without sleep disorders. An analytic comparative observational method with a cross-sectional study was conducted to patients that have been diagnosed with epilepsy for at least one year. The sample was derived using a consecutive sampling method with inclusion criteria at the RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudiohusodo, collaborative hospital, and private practice in April–May 2019. Independent variable: quality of sleep assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. Dependent variable: insomnia assessed by Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and quality of life assessed by Quality of Life in Epilepsy-31 (QOLIE-31). Statistical analysis was conducted using the unpaired t-test, Mann–Whitney test, and Chi-square test. Sixty-eight subjects met the inclusion criteria; 35 subjects with good sleep quality and 33 subjects with poor sleep quality, consist of 5 subjects with no clinically significant insomnia, 16 subthreshold insomnia, nine moderate insomnia, and three severe insomnia. The results showed a significant difference between 2 groups (p = 0.018). A significant difference (p = < 0.01) can be seen in the component of overall quality of life, emotional well-being, energy/fatigue, and social function. While in seizure worry (p = 0.256), cognitive (p = 0.261) and medication effects (p = 0.897) the differences were not statistically significant. There are differences in the quality of life of epileptic patients with and without sleep disturbance. Epileptic patients with sleep disturbance have a poorer quality of life compared to epileptic patients without sleep disturbance.

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