Determination of Polyploidy Induction Capacity of Toraja Talas Bite Taro (Colocasia esculenta) with Colchicine Mutagen

Abstract

Induction of in vitro polyploidy was carried out for plant breeding and development of local taro known as talas bite taro, (Colocasia esculenta) which is endemic to Toraja, South-Sulawesi, Indonesia, and is a neglected and underutilized crop but can be an alternative food source.This study aims to determine an efficient polyploidy induction method using in vitro trials on combinations of colchicine concentration and soaking time.The experiment was set using a completely randomized design (CRD), with colchicine and soaking time as treatments.Polyploidy of talas bite taro was induced by soaking the young shoots in 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.20% colchicine solutions with soaking time of 1-, 2-, and 3-days.Results showed that colchicine induction did not show significant differences in shoot emergence, and leaf emergence.However, there was a tendency to decrease in shoot and leaf emergence observed in plantlets treated with higher colchicine, indicating that some of the effects are prevalent.At a concentration of 0.20% and soaking time for 1-and 2 days the mortality rate was at LC50, producing mixoploid plantlets with morphological character and cytological analysis showing proof that the cells were mixoploid Type 2 (2n=2x, 4n=4x), signifying changes in the polyploidy level of the cells.

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