Biophysical Factors, and Floods impact area in the Jeneberang Watershed

Abstract

Abstract There was a flood in the Jeneberang River, which affected Makassar. The flood event has caused casualties, damaged public facilities, and impacted the economic activities of Makassar as the economic center of Eastern Indonesia. This is the basis for this study, starting from the identification of the biophysical causes of flooding to simulate the impact areas of flooding. Biophysical analysis in the form of geomorphology, land use change, and deforestation analysis using the Geographical Information System method. Analysis of flood impact areas using the Nays2Dflood method in the International River Interface Cooperative (iRIC) software. Geomorphologi-cally analysis results show that the possibility of flooding is not too big. Land use change during 1990-2020 indicated the conversion of land from shrubs to large community agricultural lands. Another factor affecting the restoration of forest cover is the lack of forest rehabilitation activities. The main cause of flooding is extreme rainfall that reaches 300 mm/day at the time of flooding. This led to the opening of the spillway door to avoid over-topping at the Bili-Bili DAM. The release of water from Bili-Bili DAM plus water from the Jenelata River downstream of the Jeneberang watershed has caused flood overflow.

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