Application of FTIR spectroscopy and chemometrics for discrimination of Kleinhovia hospita L. in South Sulawesi

Abstract

Paliasa (Kleinhovia hospita Linn) is a plant that has been used in traditional medicine for various diseases by several ethnicities in South Sulawesi, including hepatitis and liver cancer (Makassarese, Buginese, and Torajanese). The discrimination and classification of K. hospita from various regions in South Sulawesi is important to ensure the consistency of the quality of raw materials for traditional medicine using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy combined with a chemometric approach. The leaves of K. hospita from each region were measured using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in the middle region (4000-400 cm-1). Subsequently, principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to identify the similarity of compound content in plants. The results showed that K. hospita can be differentiated through visual analysis of the FTIR spectra using marker bands, where the score plot from FTIR spectroscopy revealed four groups based on regions that have similar compound contents with the following intensity ranges: group 1 from the Maros area (26.907-98.505); group 2 (Barru, Takalar, Soppeng, Pare-Pare and Toraja) (12.875-99.994); group 3 (Pangkep, Bulukumba, Pinrang, Bantaeng, and Malino) (9.771-99.404); and group 4 (Sidrap and Bone) (4.825-99.513). This study concludes that FTIR spectroscopy combined with a chemometric approach can be used as a rapid analytical method for the discrimination and classification of K. hospita based on its growing location from various regions.

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