Antibacterial activity of n-hexane and ethanol extracts of Polycarpa aurata against pathogenic bacteria of shrimp and fish

Abstract

Abstract Polycarapa auratais one of the ascidians from the subphylum Urochordata that produces secondary metabolites that can be used as antibacterial agents. This study aimed to examine the potential ofPolycarpa aurataextract as an antibacterial against pathogenic bacteria of aquatic organisms, namelyVibrio parahaemolyticusandVibrio harveyi. This research was conducted from February to July 2020, including sample collection and preparation, extraction, and antibacterial testing. Samples ofPolycarpa auratawere obtained from the reef flat waters of Barranglompo Island, Makassar City. Sample preparation was carried out to produce a dry sample which was then continued in the extraction process by the multilevel maceration method (1:3). The solvents used were n-hexane (nonpolar) and ethanol (polar), which yielded a 1.6% yield of n-hexane extract and 2.21% ethanol extract, respectively. The antibacterial activity test was carried out using the disc diffusion method(Kirby Bauer Test)and measured the average clear zone against the two test bacteria. The n-hexane extract ofPolycarpa auratashowed antibacterial potential againstVibrio parahaemolyticus0.73 mm andVibrio harveyi1.24 mm with a weak category. Meanwhile, the ethanol extract ofPolycarpa auratashowed weak antibacterial activity againstVibrio parahaemolyticus4.21 mm and moderate category againstVibrio harveyi6.69 mm.

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