Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Stichopus hermanii Extract on Oral Ulcers in Rattus norvegicus: Modulation of IL-6 and IL-10 Expression

Abstract

Glycosaminoglycans and collagen in Stichopus hermanii have been shown to support the wound-healing process, and Indonesia is the largest producer of this species. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of Stichopus hermanii extract gel as a novel natural, cost-effective, and potentially more effective wound healing agent. This study employed a laboratory experimental design with a post-test-only control group to evaluate the effects of Stichopus hermanii extract on IL-6 and IL-10 expression in oral ulcers of Rattus norvegicus. The experimental groups included a positive control group (Kenalog in Orabase), negative control group (carboxymethyl cellulose, or CMC), and treatment groups which were administered Stichopus hermanii extract gel at concentrations of 80%, 40%, and 20%. Treatments were applied twice daily for 10 days following ulcer would incision in rats. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) following the manufacturer’s instruction. The results demonstrated that Stichopus hermanii extract at 80% concentration produced the greatest reduction in IL-6 and the highest increase in IL-10 expression levels, suggesting its efficacy in enhancing the wound healing process of oral ulcers. This findings therefore revealed the potential of Stichopus hermanii extract as an alternative therapy for oral inflammation.

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